Sunday, February 1, 2009

CN Grain Boxcars

CN had 11,000 dedicated grain boxcars in its car fleet in 1965, 6,178 in 1981 and 3,660 in 1985. GMD-1's 1012 -1067 are hauling 20 of these toward Thunder Bay in 1985:

Major rehabilitation programs involving 2,000 cars in 1974, 3,000 in 1979 and 2,000 in 1980 were only expected to extend each boxcar's service life by five years. In other words, these cars were just about worn out. CN 427956 and 420566 still wear CNR's maple-leaf scheme in Winnipeg in 1986:


It was cheaper and easier for the railways to repair boxcars to use on lightweight branchlines than to upgrade the branchline infrastructure: roadbed, ties and rails to support heavier covered hopper cars. CN 428635, a 10-foot height car bears the government rehabilitation wheat sheaf logo:

CN 428806 has both the maple-leaf scheme and wheat sheaf logo:

CN not only sent loaded boxcars of grain to Vancouver and Thunder Bay as CP did, it also sent cars mostly from northern prairie elevators to the Arctic grain-shipping port of Churchill. This line was a political football continually passed around between governments, shippers, and farmers. Here are a couple of boxcars at Thunder Bay:

In 1986, while the future of the port was being debated, 339 of these "buffalo" boxcars with 8-foot doors were rehabilitated. The cost of $17,000 per car was equally split between the federal and Manitoba governments, so the cars were painted with the Manitoba and Canada logos. The cars were to be unloaded at Thunder Bay or Churchill. The same year, CN was unable to move 590,000 tonnes through the port with its own fleet, and had to borrow boxcars from CP Rail.

As late as 1994, CN was suspected of causing artificial shortages of Churchill-dedicated cars by squirreling them away on isolated sidings, as this newspaper advertisement from the Hudson Bay Route Association implies:

Average yearly shipments through the port from 1984 to 1994 were 379,000 tonnes, with a high of 621,000 tonnes in 1983. A dismal low of 50,000 tonnes was shipped through the port in 1988.

Change on the horizon: Portage Manitoba Pool elevator B has loaded three new Canadian Wheat Board covered hoppers in 1980. CNWX 395552, 396753, and 396491 and their fleetmates were built to replace boxcars rapidly leaving the grain shipping fleet by attrition.  By 1997, covered hoppers would finally be allowed to deliver shipments over the Churchill line.


The last boxcar shipments to Churchill were made in October 1996, with the fleet entering storage in December, followed by scrapping by Mandak Metals in Selkirk in 1996-1997.

Read more about CP's grain boxcar fleet.

Running extra...
A movie review for New in Town, Renee Zellweger's latest, sums up the movie this way: "You can see every minute of New in Town coming at you like a train on a prairie horizon. And like the drive from Winnipeg to Regina, it feels a lot longer than it is." Talk about long movies, how about that 3-hour drag freight The Curious Case of Benjamin Button? At least Revolutionary Road, starring the winsome Kate Winslet featured some commuter trains taking Leonardo DiCaprio home to their house in Connecticut.
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A comment from photographer Chuck Bohi: "One of my 10,000 'Favorite' photos is of a CN train at Warroad, MN taking an eastbound grain train made up mostly of boxcars, including some wooden ones, in 1971. I also found a Wellsville, Addison, and Galeton wooden boxcar at the elevator at Cereal, AB in 1972. At Driver, SK, a wooden CN boxcar that dated from 1923 was on spot in 1972. The other boxcars at Driver's elevator were pretty old as well."

On CN this afternoon, 176 cars and 164 cars were on an eastbound and westbound respectively, at Kingston, each with two new units. Kind of reminds me of stories about the Rock Island and Milwaukee Road, just before they went bankrupt...although they were hauling unprofitable traffic with worn-out power, and running long trains was the only way to maybe come close to making a profit.

Thursday, January 22, 2009

Grain boxcar train consists, 1982

Here are a couple of grain boxcar train consists from 1982, when the use of grain boxcars was beginning to decline:

A westbound CP train of grain empties behind 5523 at Portage la Prairie, June 21 with 69 covered hoppers and these 37 grain boxcars:

CP 140888 - 269733 - 116147 - 120221 - 119027 - 17519 - 119420 - 120000 - 121804 - 17342 - 121679 - 118348 - 123536 -269324 - 21887 - 119298 - 120009 - 119812 - 140969 - 112827 - 119966 - 141744 - 141080 - 116750 - 118514 - 117415 - 114404 - 117380 -112823 - 17204 - 120487 - 121672 - 119493 - 112276 - 115807 - 119118 - 118053 - 121848.

Consist of a loaded eastbound 30-car grain train of boxcars on June 11, behind GMD-1's 1053 - 1054:

CN 420396 - 426630 - 427482 - 483868 - 425755 - 420430 - 425023 - 525183 - 420402 - 487370 - 534717 - 426974 - 479142 - 426011 - 537092 - 421963 - 426502 - 428302 - 424391 - 427304 - 478142 - 426097 - 423732 - 477246 - 428249 - 426374 - 538841 - 426966 - 427854 - 426561 - caboose 79763.

For the modeller or rolling stock enthusiast, these consists give an idea of what car series were still in use, even as Canada, Saskatchewan, Alberta and Canadian Wheat Board covered hoppers were appearing in greater numbers.

Saturday, January 17, 2009

CP Grain Boxcars


Boxcars were the freight car of choice for grain transportation from the early 1900's until they were replaced by gravity-discharge aluminum and steel covered hoppers beginning in the 1970's. The covered hoppers were easier to load and unload. Boxcars required wooden or cardboard grain doors, to hold the cargo in while the car was being loaded via the door. In 1987, terminal car dumpers still existed for boxcar unloading, but they were quickly aging, and costly to repair and operate. Grain boxcar fleets declined through attrition, and the railways' intention after 1986 to use them only on branchlines unable to accommodate covered hoppers. Boxcars are spotted at the elevators in Stalwart, Saskatchewan, while branchline rehabilitation is underway on the Colonsay Subdivision in 1986:


In 1981, the number of railway boxcars and government covered hoppers in dedicated grain service were at a break-even point, at about 13,000 each. The Grain Transportation Agency in that year predicted a decrease of 164 cars per month, due to attrition. CP had 4,545 grain boxcars in 1981, 2,972 in 1985, 1,260 in 1986, 672 in 1990, 363 in 1992 and only 209 in 1993.

Incredibly, this photo from 1985 shows a solid train of CP grain boxcars. Many wear the 1950 stacked CPR scheme, or the 1962 script scheme, but only 6 of the 25 boxcars visible are in the 1968 CP Rail scheme.
Grain east, empties west: CP 5779 pulls 113 grain empties, including 61 boxcars westbound at Portage la Prairie, Manitoba in 1981. It's meeting eastbound grain loads behind 8698 and 5546:

Federal government boxcar rehabilitation schemes were undertaken in 1979 and 1980. Floors, nailable door areas, spot welding, and doors were repaired and spray painting was done. A yellow wheat sheaf, a smaller version of the government grain hopper scheme, was applied to the left of the door. Under it was a stencilled bilingual message, reading in part, "REPAIRED WITH FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION FROM THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA".

CP 123541 in the stacked scheme, has been repaired under the program, seen in Winnipeg in 1984:
CP 123692 is in the CP Rail scheme:

Far from home, CP 269331 has the spartan lettering of an International of Maine-assigned car. Spotted at the Meadows, Manitoba elevator on CP in 1984, the car had nothing for the elevator agent to cooper (nail) the grain doors to, so it was kicked by in favour of four covered hoppers:

CP 6569 switches grain boxcars at the United Grain Growers elevator at Eighth Street in Portage in 1984. The journey to a distant terminal, likely Thunder Bay would soon begin. Direct grain shipments to the U.S., and a shift in grain markets from Europe to Asia, were already signaling the decline of grain export from the Lakehead. In 1983, a record 17.7 million tonnes were shipped from the port, compared to this year's record low of 5.6 million tonnes.

By 1995, CP's remaining boxcars only operated on Manitoba's Russell Subdivision and a few lines in Saskatchewan.  Their last year of operation was 1996.

Read about CN's grain boxcar fleet.

Running Extra...
Barack Obama's train from Philadelphia to Washington is rolling into history. Two P42's, four to six Amfleet cars, and President-Elect aboard private car Georgia 300 are making the 137-mile trip today. CNN commentator David Gergen is giving his usual wise commentary on this and other inauguration events.
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Patrick McGoohan, the New York-born actor raised in Ireland and England, died Tuesday. If you are a fan of the 1976 movie Silver Streak, you may remember he played shifty art dealer Roger Devereau, who rode that phony Amroad (CP) consist through the midwest U.S. (southern Alberta) until it crashed into Chicago (Toronto) Union Station. He died previously in the movie, dangling from the cab of the F-unit as it passed through a Chicago (Calgary Alyth) freightyard. Gotta find that DVD so I can enjoy the comic antics of Gene Wilder and Roger Pryor again.

Some frozen switches, but few broken rails or VIA Rail delays were the result of this week's cold snap in eastern Canada. Crisp evenings magnify the sound of whistles of passing trains here on the Kingston Sub, although the snow deadens the whine of the rolling steel wheels on the curve at the top of the hill at Mile 179.

Cavalier Christmas Consists

Here are a couple of additional Cavalier consists that tie together previous posts about these trains and Christmas, since these two consists are from December 26, 1989:

No 58 0317 EB
6908 - 15424 - 5648 - 3204 - 5545 - Naiscoot River - Chateau Lemoyne - Stuart Manor - 9619

No 59 0332 WB
6427 - 15450 - 9616 - Clearwater River - Chateau Salaberry - Elgin - 5449 - 3251

The two trains met just east of Kingston, and in a month the service would be no more.

Saturday, January 10, 2009

Postscript: VIA Cavalier Consists 1979-1987


The Cavaliers featured interesting and sometimes crazy consists, with a caveat - one had to be nocturnal to enjoy them. With a leisurely schedule (compare 7 hrs 55 mins to the Turbo's 4 hrs 30 mins in 1980), the Cavaliers meandered along the Kingston Sub. Nos 58 and 59 often deadheaded equipment, and hauled CN and VIA private cars on the tail-end. It was not uncommon for the trains to be met at Kingston station by police cars and/or ambulances, likely due to a combination of the late hour, alcohol and whatever transpired before boarding the train at 2335!

Here are a few Cavalier consists, from 1979 to 1987, all VIA paint scheme except as noted:

March 22, 1979
0307 EB

6775
6632
9670
Manitou (stainless steel)
5423 (CN)
5217
5531
5284 (CN)
3033
5733
Fortune Bay
Edmunston
GHM-1 (Private car)

October 3, 1981
0303 EB

6521
9673
5481
3035
5726
Fortune Bay
Chateau Latour
Riverlea
Riverside (CN)

February 23, 1986
0308 EB

6781
6862
5652
5495
2510
5719
Chateau Lemoyne
Enterprise
96

March 23, 1986
0316 EB

9401 (CN)
15461
118
5622
750
5719
Chateau Lemoyne
Erickson

March 30. 1986
0455 WB

4220 (CN)
9412 (CN)
SGU
5488
5452
5622
750
5719
Chateau ?
Excelsior

March 31, 1986
0315 E

9317 (CN)
15405
Endako
5487
5488
5452
5622
750
5719
Chateau Lemoyne
Excelsior
Chateau Jolliet
6907 (dead)

November 8, 1986
0305 EB

6760
15456
Erickson
5441
5533
3032
Elgin
Glace Bay
9639
15205

November 13, 1986
0255 EB

6771
6631
15430
2510
2512
Edmonton
5441
5474
3039
Ellerslie
Glace Bay
9653

December 15, 1986
0256 EB

6553
6510
Ethelbert
5516
5441
5474
3039
Ellerslie
Fortune Bay
Chateau Vercheres
9639
15165 Tawaw

March 5, 1987
0300 EB

6408
6652
Elrose
5603
5497
3033
Everett
Glace Bay
9648

Running Extra:

Are you a fan of the Greater Winnipeg Water District? I recently came across some mind-boggling photos on rrpicturearchives.net, in Vern Wigfield's collection. Check out the amazing assortment of equipment used on this line, which ensures Winnipeg's water supply:
http://tinyurl.com/7rr5om

If you're interested in Manitoba railways, scroll down a bit more, past my list of VIA car types, and click on that purple button to join a YahooGroup devoted to flatland ferroequinology of all eras. Conducted by CN hogger Mark Perry, this lively group averages 200 purely prairie messages monthly.

Saturday, January 3, 2009

VIA's Last Cavaliers, January 1990

Nineteen years ago this month, massive cuts to VIA's national network included the overnight trains on the Kingston Sub, the Cavaliers. Since then, the run was reinstated as the Enterprise, then cancelled again. The last runs were on a bitterly cold night that made for some interesting night-time photography. Here's my original account published in the March, 1990 issue of the Bytown Railway Society's Branchline:

The wee hours of January 15, 1990 found my father and I driving to the Kingston VIA station, to witness the final passage of the eastbound and westbound "Cavaliers", the last truly inter-city sleeping car trains in Canada.

We waited in the station, as it was a frosty 10 degrees Fahrenheit outside. While watching the few passengers arrive who were to take the train, we were treated to two freights. The first, an eastbound, roared by with 9526 - 9455 - 9316. Shortly thereafter, a westbound trundled by with an impressive lashup: 9561 -9550 - 9471 - 2319 - 2020.

Soon thereafter, the darkness to the west of the station was pierced by the headlight and ditchlights of an LRC unit. A few minutes of its 0337 scheduled arrival, VIA No 58 pulled in. Its consist included 6914 - 15460 - 5737 - 5707 - 5488 - 3236 - Hudson Bay - Chateau Cadillac - 9639. We noticed the engine crew climb down from the cab and head over to the station - an unusual occurrence. The reason for this became clear as westbound VIA No 59 became visible, creeping towards the station with ditchlights extinguished at 0355. The crews were to exchange trains and return to their originating terminal this night.

Pulled by 6925, No 59 included 15424 - 9616 - Chateau Denonville - Chateau Salaberry - 5560 - 3231 - 5617. Activity was light, as fewer than 15 passengers boarded or got off either train. Nothing happened for the next 20 minutes, with both trains parked on the mainline in front of the station. With the relaxed schedule of the overnight trains, this had been a common occurrence at many of the on-line stops between Montreal and Toronto.


As I snapped a few time exposure photos for posterity, baggage was unloaded into a waiting pickup truck for the last time.


"They don't want us anymore", commented one of the train crew, referring to VIA as he boarded the train. No 58 was the first to go. As he got rolling, we could see one coach full of sleeping passengers. The sleepers and baggage car tagged along behind as 6914's horn sounded for the crossing to the east of the station.


All too soon, the conductor of No 59 walked from the station to his train. The brakes were released and the train quietly accelerated away from the station.

The soft sounds of escaping steam and wheels rolling along snow-covered tracks merged as the markers on the last coach slipped into the night. The Cavaliers were gone.

Running Extra...Lately I've been blogging a lot about VIA. What about the freight side of railroading, you ask? Going through some 1981 train register sheets from Ignace, Ontario on CP Rail revealed lots of grain empties returning from Thunder Bay for reloading. Between 110 and 130 cars, usually with an SD40-2 and a lesser unit, an 8600, 4200, or 4400. Once these trains reached Winnipeg, they were allowed only an SD to take them the rest of the way. And the eastbound loaded grain trains? 13,000 tons' worth. That's a lot of bread.

Saturday, December 27, 2008

New Year's Greetings


This is undoubtedly a season of peace and goodwill, which pervades our greetings to each other in our daily activities. On the street, in stores, at work, while clearing our driveways and even among the railroaders that have to work while we're enjoying our holiday gatherings.

Passing freights: Look good on this side, best wishes for the new year...Hope your problems clear up and have a Merry Christmas...We tried to change off but we're going into Toronto, Merry Christmas...Gentlemen, Merry Christmas to all of you.

Rail traffic controllers: It's been a pleasure working with you today...Happy New Year if I'm not talking to you before then, but I'm here every night.

Even with peace and goodwill, there's still time for a bit of complaining: Call 1-888-xxx-xxxx to control your destiny. You don't want to work 148 and you don't want to take a cab home.

Happy New Year! Here's hoping 2009 will be a year of hard but satisfying work and many rewards. Thanks for checking out my blog. Keep checking back in the new year. I've got lots of good stuff coming down the track.

Sunday, December 21, 2008

Railroaders and the Rules of the Road

Not only is railway work hazardous, round-the-clock-and unpredictable, it's also subject to the adherence to numbers books of rules such as General Operating Instructions, Engine and Train Handling Instructions and Safety Rules. I've included excerpts of these with photos I've taken of crews doing their thing. Above is some light maintenance being performed on CPR 1201's smokebox at Steam Expo in Vancouver, 1986. "Floors, walkways, steps and handrails must be kept free from oil and grease."

Head-end crew about to board CP 4741's vertical steps, carrying grips and radios at Smiths Falls, May 1987. "Face object, use both hands, have secure handholds and firm footing when climbing on or off locomotive, car or other objects."


CP 5730 entering CP's Port Coquitlam yard, 1986. Two crew members watch from the unit as another throws the switch ahead. "After a switch has been turned, the points must be examined and the target or light observed to know that the switch is properly lined."


Crewman of a CP freight inspecting the north side of VIA No 1 as it clears the station platform at Kenora, May 1986. "There should be men on both sides of the track to visually check the train as it goes by."

CN and CP crews making their lifts on the same afternoon at Portage la Prairie, September 1985. "When coupling cars, speed of four miles per hour at time of coupling must not be exceeded to avoid damage to equipment and lading."


CN trainman protecting Counter Street crossing in Kingston before the local enters Alcan plant, 1985. "Protection must be provided by a member of the crew fom a point on the ground at the crossing, until the crossing is fully occupied."

Joining the conductor aboard the rear platform for the uphill backup move into the plant. "Boarding or alighting from moving locomotives or cars must be done only at a slow rate of speed, making allowance for visibility, weather and ground conditions."


VIA 6651 is added as 6308 and 6614 are refuelled prior to the trip westward into the mountains, Calgary 1986. "Diesel units must not be moved without first notifying all persons who may be working under or about them."


CN's fuel truck is refuelling VIA units as crews catch up on the news, Jasper 1986. "When practicable, send trucks to passenger platform before trains arrive to prevent trucking through passengers."
Rail Change Out unit workers face our passing CN Railiners. They can't clear the south track the RCO is on due to the length of this unit. Kingston Sub, June 1980. "When doing any work on the track, as soon as the headlight of a train is observed, stand well clear of the track, and warn all workers to do the same."

A CP speeder crew clears for VIA No 1 at Gravel siding, northern Ontario, 1986. "Remind the foreman whan a train is due. The foreman should encourage the active participation of all his men in train line-up information."

Running Extra...
Even though Christmas vacation is here, there are lots of people who have to work at this time of year. Railroaders and others. Stay safe, enjoy what you can of this special season, and all the best in 2009. For a last minute stocking stuffer, how about CP 411740, and no, it's not a model. The CP website refers to it as a vintage coach car, not the first car CP has used until it becomes vintage...call it maximizing the assets:

Tuesday, December 9, 2008

Christmas Consists 1976-1985

Elvis sang "I'll have a blue Christmas..." How about a VIA blue-and-yellow Christmas? Bing Crosby sang "I'm dreaming of a white Christmas..." Why not a CN black-and-white Christmas?

Extra Christmas ridership usually means that every available car is out of the coach yard carrying passengers homewards and generating revenue. This can lead to some weird Christmas consists. Stormy winter weather, unforeseen delays and heavy passenger loads can make operations unpredictable. Here are some Christmas consists from CN's Kingston Sub, in the CN and VIA eras, each year from 1976 to 1985. Merry Christmas and here's hoping you find some treasure under your tree.

December 24, 1976 1230 E: CN 3101 - 6633 - 9657 - 5394 - 5217 - 5413 - 5423 - 3034 - 5643. Here's 5394 with the early VIA:CN markings:
December 24, 1976 2027 E: (All CN markings) 6537 - 6859 - 3126 - 3109 - 9654 - 5627 - 5589 - 753 - 5584 - 5534 - 4886 - 5588 - 5638 - 5635 - 5471 - 5533 - 2512.
December 26, 1977 1224 E: (Partial consist) 6533 - 3107 - SGU - silver coach (probably one of the ex-Reading Crusader cars that seemed to appear around Christmastime)
December 26, 1977 1302 E: (Partial consist) 6776 - 6871 - VIA 6775 - VIA 9600 - VIA York Club (VIA paint is starting to appear)
December 29, 1978 1330 W (Partial consist) VIA 6516 - VIA 6637 - VIA 6539 - CN University Club - CN 425
December 26, 1979 1545 E (Partial consist) Here's a weird one. VIA even borrowed CP Rail and Ontario Northland coaches for the Christmas rush this year. VIA 6539 - VIA 6621 - CN 5208 - CP 108 - ONR 836. The photo is taken late on a dreary December day, and is mainly presented to show it really happened:

December 27, 1979 1243 W: (All VIA now except as noted) 6761 - 6870 - CN 3112 - CN 5382 - CN 5181 - CN 5491 - 2504 - 5455- Mount Royal Club - Warpath River - 4888 - 5574 - 3032 - 9663.
Here's a photo taken the same day of an eastbound Rapido with 6788 - 6624 - CN 3126 and CN baggage car 9604:

December 30, 1979 1546 E: (Partial consist) Another dreary day and another weird one - 6523 - 6635 - CN 304 (silver) - CN 5620 - 5292 - 9483 - Muskoka. This Christmas, VIA was running Toronto - Montreal through trains replacing the normal Toronto-Kingston RDC's:


December 26, 1980 2038 W: CN 4520 - CN 4561 - CN 4560 (stripes) - CN 3118 (stripes) - 15423 - 15473 - 9631 - 5443 - 5449 - 5531 - 2513 - 5298 - 5302 - Empire Club - 3030 - 5652 - 5399 - 5301 - 9632.
December 19, 1981 1203 E: (The Canadian running between Toronto and Montreal, with extra coaches) 6764 - 6619 - 6630 - 612 - Club de la Garnison - 5595 - 5511 - 5654 - 2513 - 5449 - 3215 - 116 - 104 - 507 - 5733 - Chateau Cadillac - Chateau Rouville - Riding Mountain Park.
Here's Club St-Denis, one of the few cars remaining in CN paint, December 1981 - note the steam, stepbox and markers:
Of course lots of passengers means lots of baggage. Here's skis and other items being loaded aboard baggage car 9662:

January 4, 1982 1541 E: 6786 - 6629 - 6521 - CN 3126 - 9603 - Laurier Club - 5726 - 5447 - 5494 - 2503 - 5618 - 5495 - 5558 - 5610 - 2505 - 5634 - 5640 - 5635 - 5517. Here's 6521 MU'd in the middle of that four-unit locomotive consist:


December 28, 1982 1146 E: (The Canadian, again with more coaches than usual) 6532 - 6612 - CN 3118 - 612 - Club de la Garnison - 5545 - 3223 - 5455 - 5519 - 5443 - 3213 - 5627 - 107 - 503 - 5720 - Chateau Varennes - Chateau Brule - Banff Park.

January 8, 1983 1143 W: 6760 - 6870 - CN 15476 - CN 9657 - 5446 - 3037 - 3232 - 5519 - Club de la Garnison. SGU 15476 has a small VIA decal before its number:


December 23, 1983 1551 E: 6786 - 6634 - 5590 - 3219 - 5588 - 5532 - 5750 - 5483 - 5500 - 2503 - 5725 - Chateau Laval
December 21, 1984 1225 W: 6782 - 6865 - York Club - 108 - 5545 - 5486 - 2510 - 5494 - 5562 - 5574 - 3211.
December 21, 1985 1203 E: CN 4362 - 6624 - Tweedsmuir Park (running backwards) - 612 - Boulevard Club - 3210 - 5495 - 5541 - 759 - 117 - 3200 - Chateau Laval - business car 95:

Maybe some CN bigwig was heading home for Christmas, or maybe going to a Habs game in Montreal with some customers...

December 30, 1985 1455 W: 6783 - 6780 - Empire Club - 5516 - 3209 - 5468 - 2503 - 115 - 3237 - 105 - 3231 - 5610.
Running extra...
Looking for a gift that gives enjoyment all year long? I've been fortunate to receive the Bytown Railway Society Branchline - Canada's Rail News Magazine for several years now (thanks D&S!). Each month it brings a wealth of information, photos, recollections and data for the discerning rail aficianado. Check it out at: http://www.bytownrailwaysociety.ca/